和其他所有数据库一样，权限的管理都差不多一样。mongodb存储所有的用户信息在admin 数据库的集合system.users中，保存用户名、密码和数据库信息。mongodb默认不启用授权认证，只要能连接到该服务器，就可连接到mongod。若要启用安全认证，需要更改配置文件参数auth。
以下测试理解
查看数据库：
> show dbs
发现 admin 竟然没有,于是直接创建用户admin
use admin
db.createUser(
{
user: "admin",
pwd: "admin123456",
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
}
)
成功创建，再查询admin中的集合，有数据了！
> show collections
system.indexes
system.users
system.version
查看3个集合的信息：
> db.system.users.find();
{ "_id" : "admin.admin", "user" : "admin", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "cFISfpbm04pmIFpqiL340g==", "storedKey" : "WG1DSEEEHUZUBjsjsnEA4RFVY2M=", "serverKey" : "9Lm+IX6l9kfaE/4C25/ghsQpDkE=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] }
>
> db.system.indexes.find();
{ "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_", "ns" : "admin.system.version" }
{ "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_", "ns" : "admin.system.users" }
{ "v" : 1, "unique" : true, "key" : { "user" : 1, "db" : 1 }, "name" : "user_1_db_1", "ns" : "admin.system.users" }
>
> db.system.version.find();
{ "_id" : "authSchema", "currentVersion" : 5 }
>
3.0.3，mongodb加入了SCRAM-SHA-1校验方式，需要第三方工具配合进行验证，下面给出具体解决办法：
修改system.version文档里面的authSchema版本为3，初始安装时候是5，命令行如下：
> use admin
switched to db admin
> var schema = db.system.version.findOne({"_id" : "authSchema"})
> schema.currentVersion = 3
3
> db.system.version.save(schema)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
现在启用 auth：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/mongod.conf
auth=true
3.0.8以上版本
security: authorization: enabled
重启 mongod 服务：
[root@localhost ~]# service mongod restart
直接默认登录，查看集合，发现无权操作了：
[root@localhost ~]# mongo
[root@localhost ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.2
connecting to: test
> show dbs
2015-05-09T21:57:03.176-0700 E QUERY Error: listDatabases failed:{
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }",
"code" : 13
}
at Error ()
at Mongo.getDBs (src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47:15)
at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:630:33)
at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)
at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47
>
刚才在数据库 admin 创建了一个账户 admin ，先到数据admin进来连接（其他db则失败）：
[root@localhost ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.2
connecting to: test
>
> db.auth("admin","admin123456")
Error: 18 Authentication failed.
0
> use log
switched to db log
> db.auth("admin","admin123456")
Error: 18 Authentication failed.
0
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth("admin","admin123456")
1
>
db.auth(“admin”,”admin123456″) 返回值为1，说明登录成功！~db.auth(“admin”,”admin123456″) 记录是不存在的，执行完后这一行在shell中不会记录历史。
所以现在创建另一个用户”zeno”
db.createUser(
{
user: "zeno",
pwd: "zeno123456",
roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "log" } ]
}
)
也可以增删角色：
#授予角色：db.grantRolesToUser( "userName" , [ { role: "", db: "" } ])
db.grantRolesToUser( "zeno" , [ { role: "dbOwner", db: "log" } ])
#取消角色：db.grantRolesToUser( "userName" , [ { role: "", db: "" } ])
db.revokeRolesFromUser( "zeno" , [ { role: "readWrite", db: "log" } ])
因为在admin数据库创建的，只能在 admin 数据库中登录：
> db.auth("zeno","zeno123456")
Error: 18 Authentication failed.
0
>
> db
log
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth("zeno","zeno");
1
>
此时是可以切换到所在的数据库进行相关操作：
> use log
switched to db log
>
> db.tab.save({"id":999});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>
> db.tab.find({"id":999});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("554ef5ac1b590330c00c7d02"), "id" : 999 }
>
> show collections
system.indexes
tab
>
在创建用户时可以在其数据库中创建，这样不用每次都进入admin数据库登录后再切换。如在数据库”log”创建用户”userkk”。
use admin
db.auth("admin","admin123456")
use log
db.createUser(
{
user: "zeno",
pwd: "zeno123456",
roles: [ { role: "dbOwner", db: "log" } ]
}
)
db.auth("zeno","zeno123456")
现在授权测试：
#先访问到admin数据库
use admin
db.auth("admin","admin123456")
#切换到 log ，在数据库 log 中创建角色
#roles: 创建角色”testRole”在数据库 “log” 中
#privileges: 该角色可查看”find”数据库”log”的所有集合
#db.dropRole(“testRole”)
use log
db.createRole({
role: "testRole",
privileges: [{ resource: { db: "log", collection: "" }, actions: [ "find" ] }],
roles: []
})
#在admin数据库生成集合system.roles。查看角色。
> use admin
switched to db admin
>
> show collections
system.indexes
system.roles
system.users
system.version
>
> db.system.roles.find();
{ "_id" : "log.testRole", "role" : "testRole", "db" : "log", "privileges" : [ { "resource" : { "db" : "log", "collection" : "" }, "actions" : [ "find" ] } ], "roles" : [ ] }
>
#回到log，在数据库log中创建用户并授予角色”testRole”
#db.dropUser(“userkk”)
use log
db.createUser(
{
user: "userkk",
pwd: "userkk",
roles: [ { role: "testRole", db: "log" } ]
}
)
退出mongodb，重新登录进行操作。发现只能使用find
>exit
[root@localhost ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.2
connecting to: test
> use log
switched to db log
>
> db.auth("zeno","zeno123456")
1
>
> db.tab.find({"id":999})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("554ef5ac1b590330c00c7d02"), "id" : 999 }
>
> db.tab.insert({"id":1000})
WriteResult({
"writeError" : {
"code" : 13,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on log to execute command { insert: \"tab\", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('554f145cdf782b42499d80e5'), id: 1000.0 } ], ordered: true }"
}
})
>
给角色 “testRole” 添加3个 “Privileges”权限： “update”, “insert”, “remove”。再重新操作。
use admin
db.auth("admin","admin123456")
use log
#添加Privileges给角色
db.grantPrivilegesToRole("testRole",
[{ resource: { db: "log", collection: "" },actions: [ "update", "insert", "remove" ]}
])
exit #退出mongodb重新登录
use log
db.auth("zeno","zeno123456")
#增删数据可以操作了！~
db.tab.insert({"id":1000})
db.tab.find({"id":1000})
db.tab.remove({"id":1000})
#此时admin的角色记录为：
> db.system.roles.find();
{ "_id" : "log.testRole", "role" : "testRole", "db" : "log", "privileges" : [ { "resource" : { "db" : "log", "collection" : "" }, "actions" : [ "find", "insert", "remove", "update" ] } ], "roles" : [ ] }
>
#更改角色 roles，把roles值全部更新。同样Privileges也可以更新替换！~
use admin
db.auth("admin","admin123456")
use log
db.updateRole("testRole",{ roles:[{ role: "readWrite",db: "log"}]},{ w:"majority" })
db.auth("zeno","zeno123456")
show dbs
