1.安装软件
pacman -S firewalld
2.启动systemd
systemctl enable firewalld
3.打开使用的端口
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=http #网站服务
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=ssh #远程管理
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=samba #共享
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=8080/tcp #tomcat,jenkins,gitblit
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=8081/tcp #Nexus
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=29418/tcp #git
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=4443/udp #ocserv
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=4443/tcp #ocserv
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=9100/tcp #elasticsearch web
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=9200/tcp #elasticsearch api
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=9300/tcp #elasticsearch 管理
firewall-cmd –permanent –add-masquerade #开启NAT
4.允许指定的IP访问端口
firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”172.16.1.51″ port protocol=”tcp” port=”9100″ accept”
firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”172.16.1.51″ port protocol=”tcp” port=”9200″ accept”
firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”172.16.1.51″ port protocol=”tcp” port=”9300″ accept”
5.常用删除方法
firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –remove-port=9100/tcp
firewall-cmd –permanent –remove-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”172.16.1.51″ port protocol=”tcp” port=”9300″ accept”
6.重新load
firewall-cmd –reload
7.列出所有的开放端口
firewall-cmd –list-all
常用指令
# systemctl start firewalld # 启动,
# systemctl enable firewalld # 开机启动
# systemctl stop firewalld # 关闭
# systemctl disable firewalld # 取消开机启动
具体的规则管理，可以使用firewall-cmd ，具体的使用方法可以
$ firewall-cmd –help
–zone=NAME # 指定 zone
–permanent # 永久修改，–reload 后生效
–timeout=seconds # 持续效果，到期后自动移除，用于调试，不能与 –permanent 同时使用
1. 查看规则
查看运行状态
$ firewall-cmd –state
查看已被激活的 Zone 信息
$ firewall-cmd –get-active-zones
public
interfaces: eth0 eth1
查看指定接口的 Zone 信息
$ firewall-cmd –get-zone-of-interface=eth0
public
查看指定级别的接口
$ firewall-cmd –zone=public –list-interfaces
eth0
查看指定级别的所有信息，譬如 public
$ firewall-cmd –zone=public –list-all
public (default, active)
interfaces: eth0
sources:
services: dhcpv6-client http ssh
ports:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
查看所有级别被允许的信息
$ firewall-cmd –get-service
查看重启后所有 Zones 级别中被允许的服务，即永久放行的服务
$ firewall-cmd –get-service –permanent
2. 管理规则
# firewall-cmd –panic-on # 丢弃
# firewall-cmd –panic-off # 取消丢弃
# firewall-cmd –query-panic # 查看丢弃状态
# firewall-cmd –reload # 更新规则，不重启服务
# firewall-cmd –complete-reload # 更新规则，重启服务
添加某接口至某信任等级，譬如添加 eth0 至 public，永久修改
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-interface=eth0 –permanent
设置 public 为默认的信任级别
# firewall-cmd –set-default-zone=public
a. 管理端口
列出 dmz 级别的被允许的进入端口
# firewall-cmd –zone=dmz –list-ports
允许 tcp 端口 8080 至 dmz 级别
# firewall-cmd –zone=dmz –add-port=8080/tcp
允许某范围的 udp 端口至 public 级别，并永久生效
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=5060-5059/udp –permanent
b. 网卡接口
列出 public zone 所有网卡
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –list-interfaces
将 eth0 添加至 public zone，永久
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –permanent –add-interface=eth0
eth0 存在与 public zone，将该网卡添加至 work zone，并将之从 public zone 中删除
# firewall-cmd –zone=work –permanent –change-interface=eth0
删除 public zone 中的 eth0，永久
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –permanent –remove-interface=eth0
c. 管理服务
添加 smtp 服务至 work zone
# firewall-cmd –zone=work –add-service=smtp
移除 work zone 中的 smtp 服务
# firewall-cmd –zone=work –remove-service=smtp
d. 配置 external zone 中的 ip 地址伪装
查看
# firewall-cmd –zone=external –query-masquerade
打开伪装
# firewall-cmd –zone=external –add-masquerade
关闭伪装
# firewall-cmd –zone=external –remove-masquerade
e. 配置 public zone 的端口转发
要打开端口转发，则需要先
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-masquerade
然后转发 tcp 22 端口至 3753
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toport=3753
转发 22 端口数据至另一个 ip 的相同端口上
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toaddr=192.168.1.100
转发 22 端口数据至另一 ip 的 2055 端口上
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toport=2055:toaddr=192.168.1.100
f. 配置 public zone 的 icmp
查看所有支持的 icmp 类型
# firewall-cmd –get-icmptypes
destination-unreachable echo-reply echo-request parameter-problem redirect router-advertisement router-solicitation source-quench time-exceeded
列出
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –list-icmp-blocks
添加 echo-request 屏蔽
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-icmp-block=echo-request [–timeout=seconds]
移除 echo-reply 屏蔽
# firewall-cmd –zone=public –remove-icmp-block=echo-reply
g. IP 封禁
# firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=’ipv4′ source address=’222.222.222.222′ reject”
